🌿 Biodynamic viticulture
Organic farming plus special preparations and work timed by the lunar calendar.
Biodynamics is a way of running a vineyard that builds on organic viticulture and adds special rules. The idea was proposed by the Austrian thinker Rudolf Steiner in the 1920s.
As in organic farming, synthetic chemicals and mineral fertilisers are not used. But in addition special preparations are applied: for example manure buried in a cow horn, and ground silica. They are diluted in water and sprayed on the soil or the vine. Work follows the lunar calendar: days are thought to divide into "leaf", "flower", "root" and "fruit" days.
The aim is to make the vineyard a whole living system. Animals are kept, other plants are sown, and sometimes the soil is ploughed with a horse. A horse is lighter than a tractor and compacts the soil less.
Scientists argue about the value of the preparations and the calendar. But many estates believe biodynamics helps the soil and makes wine more expressive. It is certified by separate organisations.
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- 🐝 Horse ploughing in vineyards
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- 🌿 Organic viticulture
Frequently asked questions
What is biodynamics in winemaking?
It is organic viticulture with added special preparations and work by the lunar calendar.
Who invented biodynamics?
The Austrian philosopher Rudolf Steiner, in the 1920s.
Is biodynamics scientifically proven?
There is no consensus. The benefit of organic methods is recognised, while the effect of the preparations and calendar is disputed by scientists.